What is the diabetes?
What is the diabetes?
Diabetes Mellitus, which is generally known
as diabetes mellitus among people, is the
increase in the level of glucose (sugar) in the
blood above normal and, consequently, the
presence of sugar in the urine, which
normally should not contain sugar.
Diabetes, which has different variants, is
among the most common diseases in our
country and in the world. According to
statistical data provided by the International
Diabetes Federation, although one in 11
adults has diabetes, 1 person dies every 6
seconds from diabetes-related problems.
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| Diabetes Mellitus , Glucose , Suger , Blood , Urine , Federation |
What are the symptoms of diabetes?
The disease of diabetes manifests itself with
three basic symptoms in individuals. These
can be listed as eating more than usual and
feeling full, frequent urination, dryness and
sweetness in the mouth and consequently
the desire to drink excessively. Other than
this, other symptoms of diabetes that can be
seen in people can be listed below:
- Weakness and feeling tired.
- rapid and involuntary weight loss
- blurry vision
- Discomfort in the form of numbness and
tingling in the feet
- Wound healing slower than usual
- Dry and itchy skin
- Formation of odor similar to acetone in the
mouth.
Which are the diabetes causes?
As a result of many studies on the causes of
diabetes, it has been concluded that genetic
and environmental causes play a role in
diabetes. In diabetes, which basically has
two types as type 1 diabetes and type 2
diabetes, the factors that cause the disease
differ depending on these types. Although
genetic factors play a role in the causes of
type 1 diabetes, viruses that damage the
pancreatic organ that produces the
hormone insulin, which is involved in
regulating blood sugar, and malfunctions of
the body's defense are among the factors.
that cause the disease. Furthermore, the
causes of type 2 diabetes, which is the most
common type of diabetes, can be stated as
follows:
- Obesity (excess weight)
- Having a family history of diabetes
- advanced age
- sedentary lifestyle
- Stress
- Development of gestational diabetes during
pregnancy and delivery of a baby with a
higher than normal birth weight.
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| Stress , Obesity , Gestational , Glucose , Insulin , Cell |
What are the types of diabetes?
The types of diabetes are listed below:
Type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes):
Type of diabetes that usually occurs in
childhood, due to insufficient or no
production of insulin in the pancreas, and in
which the external intake of insulin is
mandatory.
Type 2 diabetes:
A type of diabetes that occurs as a result of
cells becoming insensitive to the hormone
insulin, which regulates blood sugar.
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA):
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
similar to type 1 diabetes caused by autoimmunity (self-damage to the body due to dysfunction in the immune system) seen in older age.
Maturity-onset diabetes (MODY):
diabetes-like type 2 diabetes that occurs at a young
age.
Gestational diabetes:
a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy
The period of prediabetes, which is called
hidden diabetes among people, except for
the types of diabetes mentioned above, is
the period in which the blood sugar tends to
be slightly elevated without being high
enough to diagnose diabetes before of the
formation of type 2 diabetes and diabetes. it
can be prevented or delayed with proper
treatment and diet.
The two most common types of diabetes are
type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes.
How is diabetes diagnosed?
The two most basic tests used in diagnosing
diabetes are the fasting blood glucose
measurement and the oral glucose tolerance
test (OGTT), also known as the sugar loading
test. In healthy individuals, the fasting blood
sugar level varies between 70-100 mg/Dl on
average.
A fasting blood glucose level above 126
mg/Dl is sufficient for the diagnosis of
diabetes. If this value is between 100-126
mg/Dl, postprandial blood sugar is
investigated by applying the OGTT to the
individual. As a result of measuring blood
sugar 2 hours after the start of the meal, a
blood glucose level greater than 200 mg/Dl is
an indication of diabetes, and a range of
140-199 mg/Dl is an indicator of diabetes.
prediabetes period. , called latent sugar. In
addition, the HbA1C test, which reflects the
blood sugar level of the last 3 months, is
greater than 7%, indicating the diagnosis of
diabetes.
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| Fasting , HBA1C , Diagnosis , Diabetes , Sample , Random |
What are the methods of treating diabetes?
Diabetes treatment methods differ
depending on the type of disease. In type 1
diabetes, medical nutrition therapy must be
carefully applied in conjunction with
insulin therapy. The patient's diet is planned
by the dietician according to the insulin
dose and plan recommended by the doctor.
With the application of carbohydrate
counting, where the insulin dose can be
adjusted according to the amount of
carbohydrates in the food, the life of people
with type 1 diabetes can be made much
easier. In people with type 2 diabetes, in
addition to maintaining the diet, treatment
often includes the use of oral antidiabetic
drugs to increase the sensitivity of cells to
the hormone insulin or to directly increase
secretion of the hormone insulin.
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| Treatment , Medical , Suger , Insulin , Metformin , Glucophage , Lifestyle |
Elevated blood sugar levels in patients with
diabetes mellitus and in cases where
recommended treatment principles are not
followed, cause many health problems,
mainly neuropathy (nerve damage),
nephropathy (kidney damage) and
retinopathy (damage to the retina of the
eye). So if you're also a person with
diabetes, don't neglect your regular
checkups.
