TRAINING PRINCIPLES - Human & Disease

TRAINING PRINCIPLES

 TRAINING PRINCIPLES

1- Individuality:

Individuality refers to the fact that all athletes are not the same, and that heredity significantly influences the speed and degree to which a body adapts to a training regime. Therefore a training program should take account of individual needs.

TRAINING PRINCIPLES 1- Individuality: Individuality refers to the fact that all athletes are not the same, and that heredity significantly influences the speed and degree to which a body adapts to a training regime. Therefore a training program should take account of individual needs. 2- Specificity: Training adaptations are specific to the type of activity undertaken. Training for swimming is ideally performed in water rather than dry land, whilst a cyclist is better suited to cycling as a mode of training rather than running. 3- Progressive overload: The concepts of progression and overload are the foundation for all training. Progression means that as the training continues there is a need to increase the resistance in resistance training or produce a faster time in sets of running, swimming or cycling, whereas overload is where the muscles need to be loaded beyond which they are normally loaded. 4- Maintenance: Once a specific level of adaptation has taken place, this level can be maintained by the same or a reduced volume of work. 5- Reversibility: If an individual ceases training, the muscles (or cardiovascular system) become weaker, less aerobic or less powerful with time. 6- Warm-up and cool-down: Although not essentially training principles per se, nonetheless warm-up and cool-down should play an integral part in any training program. Warm-up implies that as a result of appropriate activity the muscle temperature is elevated from that at rest. Cool-down occurs when appropriate activity following exercise is undertaken to gradually reduce muscle temperature and aid removal of waste products from muscle.
Training-Principles









2- Specificity:

Training adaptations are specific to the type of activity undertaken. Training for swimming is ideally performed in water rather than dry land, whilst a
cyclist is better suited to cycling as a mode of training rather than running.

TRAINING PRINCIPLES 1- Individuality: Individuality refers to the fact that all athletes are not the same, and that heredity significantly influences the speed and degree to which a body adapts to a training regime. Therefore a training program should take account of individual needs. 2- Specificity: Training adaptations are specific to the type of activity undertaken. Training for swimming is ideally performed in water rather than dry land, whilst a cyclist is better suited to cycling as a mode of training rather than running. 3- Progressive overload: The concepts of progression and overload are the foundation for all training. Progression means that as the training continues there is a need to increase the resistance in resistance training or produce a faster time in sets of running, swimming or cycling, whereas overload is where the muscles need to be loaded beyond which they are normally loaded. 4- Maintenance: Once a specific level of adaptation has taken place, this level can be maintained by the same or a reduced volume of work. 5- Reversibility: If an individual ceases training, the muscles (or cardiovascular system) become weaker, less aerobic or less powerful with time. 6- Warm-up and cool-down: Although not essentially training principles per se, nonetheless warm-up and cool-down should play an integral part in any training program. Warm-up implies that as a result of appropriate activity the muscle temperature is elevated from that at rest. Cool-down occurs when appropriate activity following exercise is undertaken to gradually reduce muscle temperature and aid removal of waste products from muscle.
Training-Principles









3- Progressive overload:

The concepts of progression and overload are the foundation for all training. Progression means that as the training continues there is a need to increase the resistance in resistance training or produce a faster time in sets of running, swimming or cycling, whereas overload is where the muscles need to be loaded beyond which they are normally loaded.

TRAINING PRINCIPLES 1- Individuality: Individuality refers to the fact that all athletes are not the same, and that heredity significantly influences the speed and degree to which a body adapts to a training regime. Therefore a training program should take account of individual needs. 2- Specificity: Training adaptations are specific to the type of activity undertaken. Training for swimming is ideally performed in water rather than dry land, whilst a cyclist is better suited to cycling as a mode of training rather than running. 3- Progressive overload: The concepts of progression and overload are the foundation for all training. Progression means that as the training continues there is a need to increase the resistance in resistance training or produce a faster time in sets of running, swimming or cycling, whereas overload is where the muscles need to be loaded beyond which they are normally loaded. 4- Maintenance: Once a specific level of adaptation has taken place, this level can be maintained by the same or a reduced volume of work. 5- Reversibility: If an individual ceases training, the muscles (or cardiovascular system) become weaker, less aerobic or less powerful with time. 6- Warm-up and cool-down: Although not essentially training principles per se, nonetheless warm-up and cool-down should play an integral part in any training program. Warm-up implies that as a result of appropriate activity the muscle temperature is elevated from that at rest. Cool-down occurs when appropriate activity following exercise is undertaken to gradually reduce muscle temperature and aid removal of waste products from muscle.
Training-Principles









4- Maintenance:

Once a specific level of adaptation has taken place, this level can be maintained by the same or a reduced volume of work.

TRAINING PRINCIPLES 1- Individuality: Individuality refers to the fact that all athletes are not the same, and that heredity significantly influences the speed and degree to which a body adapts to a training regime. Therefore a training program should take account of individual needs. 2- Specificity: Training adaptations are specific to the type of activity undertaken. Training for swimming is ideally performed in water rather than dry land, whilst a cyclist is better suited to cycling as a mode of training rather than running. 3- Progressive overload: The concepts of progression and overload are the foundation for all training. Progression means that as the training continues there is a need to increase the resistance in resistance training or produce a faster time in sets of running, swimming or cycling, whereas overload is where the muscles need to be loaded beyond which they are normally loaded. 4- Maintenance: Once a specific level of adaptation has taken place, this level can be maintained by the same or a reduced volume of work. 5- Reversibility: If an individual ceases training, the muscles (or cardiovascular system) become weaker, less aerobic or less powerful with time. 6- Warm-up and cool-down: Although not essentially training principles per se, nonetheless warm-up and cool-down should play an integral part in any training program. Warm-up implies that as a result of appropriate activity the muscle temperature is elevated from that at rest. Cool-down occurs when appropriate activity following exercise is undertaken to gradually reduce muscle temperature and aid removal of waste products from muscle.
Training-Principles









5- Reversibility:

If an individual ceases training, the muscles (or cardiovascular system) become weaker, less aerobic or less powerful with time.

TRAINING PRINCIPLES 1- Individuality: Individuality refers to the fact that all athletes are not the same, and that heredity significantly influences the speed and degree to which a body adapts to a training regime. Therefore a training program should take account of individual needs. 2- Specificity: Training adaptations are specific to the type of activity undertaken. Training for swimming is ideally performed in water rather than dry land, whilst a cyclist is better suited to cycling as a mode of training rather than running. 3- Progressive overload: The concepts of progression and overload are the foundation for all training. Progression means that as the training continues there is a need to increase the resistance in resistance training or produce a faster time in sets of running, swimming or cycling, whereas overload is where the muscles need to be loaded beyond which they are normally loaded. 4- Maintenance: Once a specific level of adaptation has taken place, this level can be maintained by the same or a reduced volume of work. 5- Reversibility: If an individual ceases training, the muscles (or cardiovascular system) become weaker, less aerobic or less powerful with time. 6- Warm-up and cool-down: Although not essentially training principles per se, nonetheless warm-up and cool-down should play an integral part in any training program. Warm-up implies that as a result of appropriate activity the muscle temperature is elevated from that at rest. Cool-down occurs when appropriate activity following exercise is undertaken to gradually reduce muscle temperature and aid removal of waste products from muscle.
Training-Principles









6- Warm-up and cool-down:

Although not essentially training principles per se, nonetheless warm-up and cool-down should play an integral part in any training program. Warm-up implies that as a result of appropriate activity the muscle temperature is elevated from that at rest. Cool-down occurs when appropriate activity following exercise is undertaken to gradually reduce muscle temperature and aid removal of waste products from muscle.

TRAINING PRINCIPLES 1- Individuality: Individuality refers to the fact that all athletes are not the same, and that heredity significantly influences the speed and degree to which a body adapts to a training regime. Therefore a training program should take account of individual needs. 2- Specificity: Training adaptations are specific to the type of activity undertaken. Training for swimming is ideally performed in water rather than dry land, whilst a cyclist is better suited to cycling as a mode of training rather than running. 3- Progressive overload: The concepts of progression and overload are the foundation for all training. Progression means that as the training continues there is a need to increase the resistance in resistance training or produce a faster time in sets of running, swimming or cycling, whereas overload is where the muscles need to be loaded beyond which they are normally loaded. 4- Maintenance: Once a specific level of adaptation has taken place, this level can be maintained by the same or a reduced volume of work. 5- Reversibility: If an individual ceases training, the muscles (or cardiovascular system) become weaker, less aerobic or less powerful with time. 6- Warm-up and cool-down: Although not essentially training principles per se, nonetheless warm-up and cool-down should play an integral part in any training program. Warm-up implies that as a result of appropriate activity the muscle temperature is elevated from that at rest. Cool-down occurs when appropriate activity following exercise is undertaken to gradually reduce muscle temperature and aid removal of waste products from muscle.
Training-Principles








7- Individuality Heredity:

Individuality Heredity plays a significant role in determining how quickly and how much a body adapts to a training program. Other than identical twins, no two individuals have exactly the same genetic characteristics. Consequently, there can be large variations between individuals in cell growth and repair, metabolism, and regulation of processes by nerves and hormones. These individual variations may explain why some athletes can improve significantly on a certain training program whereas another may experience little or no change following the same training program. Appropriate training normally results in improvements in ,strength, flexibility, power, speed, aerobic power and so on, although the rates at which these changes occur vary between individuals in training principles.
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